I salvage buttons, zippers, buckles, straps etc from all old clothes (destined for rags) & school bags and re-use them on other projects. I've also been known to cut away the good bits from a stained garment and save them for applique or small sewing projects.
I've also bought clothes from the thrift shop just to get the fabric and the trims!
I am fortunate to be able to get hold of "industrial waste" from local companies near my home to be used for various craft projects,
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A huge burlap bag from a local peanut processor became the material for a few mini Santa sacks that I used for decorating! The excess burlap was used to cover a shoebox for storing odds and ends
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Newsprint roll ends from the local newspaper - I get what seems like MILES of paper on one roll end which is used for gift wrapping, DD's drawing paper, homemade sewing patterns etc. I have a roll end that I bought about 18 months ago, has been used regularly since then and I'm guessing that it will still be here for another six months or more before I reach the end
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Off cuts of card stock, silver paper (some of it is adhesive) from local printers and label makers
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Broken tiles from a nearby warehouse for DD's mosaic projects (I also save broken dishes for that purpose)
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Shredded paper from offices to be used for gift baskets
My husband nearly died laughing last week when I salvaged bits of mirror I found in the street. There was a rounded mirror on a pole near my home - the kind that is designed to help drivers see traffic at "blind corners" Someone vandalized the mirror - so I gathered up the bits! I get free craft material and the street was a little tidier and safer as a result of my effort